Subaru Forester

1997-2005 of release

Repair and car operation



Subaru Forester
- Cars Subaru Forester
   Identification numbers of the car
   Acquisition of spare parts
   Technology of service, the tool and the workplace equipment
   Поддомкрачивание and towage
   Start of the engine from the auxiliary power supply
   Automobile химикалии, cleaners, hermetics
   Diagnostics of malfunctions of knots and car systems
+ The maintenance instruction
+ Routine maintenance
+ The engine
+ Systems of cooling, heating
+ The power supply system and release
+ Engine electric equipment
+ Control systems of the engine
+ Gear change box
+ Coupling, трансмиссионная a line
+ Brake system
+ Suspension bracket and steering
+ Body
+ Onboard electric equipment


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Diagnostics of malfunctions of knots and car systems

The owners of cars who are carrying out procedures of routine maintenance of a vehicle Routine maintenance of the present Management of the schedule agrees resulted in the Head will be extremely seldom compelled to address to materials of the given Section. Reliability of knots and the components established on modern cars is so high that at timely performance of replacement of the materials of details worn out and failed as a result of ageing the probability of their sudden refusal is smallest. Refusals seldom occur spontaneously and usually are a consequence time of long development of defect. In particular, failure of mechanical components practically always is preceded by occurrence and evolution of the characteristic symptoms shown at times for many thousand of kilometres of run to the full. The same components which can fail unexpectedly, usually are not vital for functioning of the basic knots and car systems, or are easily replaced in road conditions.

Basic step at revealing of the reasons of any refusal is the choice of a point of the beginning of searches. Often the reason appears lying on a surface, however in certain cases it is necessary to work, making small investigation. The motorist who has made half-dozen casual checks, replacements and corrections quite has to find out a cause of a failure (or its symptom), however such approach in any way it is impossible to name chance reasonable, in view of its labour input and aimlessness of expenses of time and means. The quiet logic approach to search of the failed knot or a component appears much more effective. Necessarily it is necessary to take into consideration all preceding breakage, sometimes insignificant, symptoms and guarding signals, such as loss of capacity developed by the engine, change of indications of measuring instruments, occurrence of unusual sounds and smells, etc. Do not forget that failure of such components as safety locks or spark plugs can be only a symptom of the more deeply latent infringement.

More low in the given subsection simple enough scheme of diagnostics of most often meeting refusals is resulted. The reasons of infringements and their symptoms are grouped on the basis of the relation to functioning of any concrete unit or system: "Engine", “cooling System” etc.

Without dependence by nature refusal in a basis of investigation of its reason identical base principles are always put:

Make sure of correctness of definition of symptoms of refusal. Told means confidence of delimitation of area of searches that is especially important with the help in refusal diagnostics to other motorist who cannot adequately state symptoms of taking place infringement.

Try not to look through obvious infringements. For example, if the engine is not started, do not hesitate to check up fuel presence in a petrol tank (thus it is not necessary to take on trust statements of the owner of the faulty car). In default electric equipments first of all it is necessary to check up a condition and reliability of fastening клеммных electroconducting connections, only after that it makes sense to get diagnostic devices.

Try to eliminate a cause of a failure, instead of its symptom. Replacement of the discharged battery new will help to make the engine start, however the taking place reason of a discharge of the old battery remains not eliminated that will lead to fast failure and new. Also replacement of the spark plugs thrown by oil will allow to restore for some time serviceability of functioning of the engine, however refusal by all means will soon repeat (if the reason lay not simply in application of candles not that type).

Do not take on trust any statements. Remember that "the new" component also can appear faulty, in particular if it long time has lain in a luggage carrier - it is not necessary to exclude a component from the list checked only for the reason that it is new or is recently established. In case of neglect it is not necessary to be surprised with performance of the made recommendation, when the cause of a failure revealed, at last, will appear lying on a surface from the very beginning.

Problem diagnostics and the reasons of decrease in efficiency of return of the engine

The engine is not turned at attempt of its start
  1. Polar plugs of the battery, or ослабло fastening on them of tips of wires are oxidised.
  2. The battery is discharged or faulty.
  3. АТ it is not translated in position “Р” or “N”.
  4. It is torn off, or electroconducting of a chain of system of start, or ослабло fastening of plugs of contact connections is otherwise damaged.
  5. The privodnaja gear wheel of a starter is jammed in a gear wreath of a flywheel.
  6. The traction relay of a starter has failed.
  7. The starter electromotor is faulty.
  8. The ignition switch is faulty.
  9. Teeth приводной gear wheels of a starter or a gear wreath of a flywheel is broken off or worn out.
  10. The engine is jammed, - try to turn it manually for a bolt of a pulley of a cranked shaft.
The engine is turned, but not started
  1. The fuel tank is empty.
  2. The battery (the engine is turned too slowly) is discharged.
  3. Polar plugs of the battery, or ослабло fastening on them of tips of wires are oxidised.
  4. Passableness of fuel lines is broken, the gasoline pump is faulty, or ventilating branch pipes of a fuel tank are blocked.
  5. Serviceability of functioning of an injector of cold start or the thermosensitive gauge-switch (is broken at a corresponding complete set of the car).
  6. Components of the distributor of ignition are faulty.
  7. Has fallen, or it is non-uniformly distributed between engine cylinders компрессионное pressure.
  8. Adjustment of backlashes of valves is broken.
  9. Water has got to fuel.
  10. The ignition coil is faulty.
  11. The injector () injection is faulty.
  12. Components of system of ignition are humidified or damaged.
  13. Spark plugs are worn out or damaged, or installation of interelectrode backlashes is broken.
  14. Electroconducting of a chain of system of start, or ослабло fastening of plugs of contact connections is torn off or is otherwise damaged.
  15. As a result of easing of fixture of the distributor installations of a corner of an advancing of ignition are broken.
  16. Electroconducting of a chain of system of ignition, ослабло fastening of plugs of contact connections is torn off or is otherwise damaged, or the ignition coil is faulty.
  17. Installations of phases timing are broken as a result of deterioration of components of drive ГРМ.
  18. It is torn off газораспределительный a belt, or ослабло effort of its tension.
Start of the cold engine is complicated
  1. The battery is discharged.
  2. Polar plugs of the battery, or ослабло fastening on them of tips of wires are oxidised.
  3. Spark plugs are worn out or damaged, or installation of interelectrode backlashes is broken.
  4. The system of giving of fuel is faulty.
  5. Fuel leaks through an injector () injection take place.
  6. Breakdowns бегунка the distributor in the form of coal paths (take place at a corresponding complete set of the car).
  7. Has fallen компрессионное pressure.
Start of the hot engine is complicated
  1. The filtering element of an air cleaner is polluted, or its passableness is otherwise broken.
  2. The power supply system (fuel does not arrive in injection injectors) is faulty.
  3. Are oxidised клеммные battery connections (especially weight).
  4. Quality of grounding of the power unit is broken.
  5. The inductive gauge in the ignition distributor (is faulty at a corresponding complete set of the car).
  6. It is excessively high поплавковый fuel level (carburettor models).
  7. Serviceability of functioning of system of injection or engine management is broken.
  8. The system of catching of fuel evaporations (EVAP) is faulty.
  9. Has fallen компрессионное pressure.
Starter input in gearing is complicated, or accompanied by extraneous noise
  1. Teeth приводной gear wheels of a starter or a gear wreath of a flywheel is broken off or worn out.
  2. Ослабли or bolts of fastening of a starter have dropped out.
  3. Internal components of a starter are worn out or damaged.
The engine is started, but at once глохнет
  1. Electroconducting of a chain of system of ignition, or ослабло fastening of plugs of contact connections on the distributor, the coil of ignition or the generator is torn off or is otherwise damaged.
  2. Fuel starvation of an injector (ов) injection takes place.
  3. Depression losses take place.
  4. Installation of turns of idling is broken.
  5. Leaks of soaked up air take place, or vacuum lines are damaged.
During a parking under the engine are formed begin to flow oils
  1. Leaks through a pallet lining картера, or a drain stopper take place.
  2. Leaks through landing consolidation of the gauge-switch of pressure of oil take place.
  3. Leaks through linings of heads of cylinders take place.
  4. Leaks through epiploons of shaft of the engine take place.
  5. Leaks in the oil pump take place.
Stability of turns of idling is broken
  1. Depression losses take place.
  2. The system valve recycling the fulfilled gases (EGR) is faulty.
  3. Passableness of valve PCV is broken.
  4. The filtering element of an air cleaner is blocked.
  5. The gasoline pump does not provide the demanded expense of fuel.
  6. Tightness of a lining of a head of cylinders is broken.
  7. Elements of drive ГРМ are worn out.
  8. Working ledges of cams of a camshaft (ов) are worn out.
  9. Adjustment of backlashes of valves is broken.
  10. Valves have burnt through, or leaky nestle on saddles.
  11. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken.
  12. Serviceability of functioning of system of ignition is broken.
  13. Serviceability of functioning of a thermostatic air cleaner is broken.
  14. Spark plugs are worn out or damaged, or installation of interelectrode backlashes is broken.
  15. Has fallen, or it is non-uniformly distributed between cylinders компрессионное pressure.
  16. Passableness of an injector (ов) injection is broken.
  17. Installation of turns of idling is broken.
  18. Serviceability of functioning of an injector of cold start or the thermosensitive gauge-switch (is broken at a corresponding complete set of the car).
Ignition admissions on single turns take place
  1. Spark plugs are worn out or damaged, or installation of interelectrode backlashes is broken.
  2. Are faulty ВВ wires of spark plugs.
  3. Components of system ignitions (distributor) are humidified or damaged.
  4. Short circuit in an ignition chain takes place.
  5. Components of system of decrease in toxicity are faulty, or passableness of a corresponding path is broken.
  6. Passableness of the fuel filter is broken, or fuel is polluted.
  7. Depression losses take place.
  8. Installations of turns or quality of a mix of idling are broken.
  9. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken.
  10. Has fallen, or it is non-uniformly distributed between cylinders компрессионное pressure.
  11. Serviceability of functioning of an injector of cold start or the thermosensitive gauge-switch (is broken at a corresponding complete set of the car).
  12. Passableness of injectors of injection is broken.
Ignition admissions take place at movement on transfer
  1. Passableness of the fuel filter / a connecting path of the power supply system is broken.
  2. Pressure of fuel has fallen.
  3. Spark plugs are worn out or damaged, or installation of interelectrode backlashes is broken.
  4. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken.
  5. Треснута the cover of the distributor of ignition, is broken reliability of fastening of contact connections ВВ of wires, or internal defects of the distributor take place.
  6. "Breakdown" in ВВ candle wires takes place.
  7. Components of systems of decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases are faulty.
  8. Has fallen, or it is non-uniformly distributed between cylinders компрессионное pressure.
  9. The ignition system, or ослабли contact connections of its electroconducting is faulty.
  10. Depression losses take place.
  11. The fuel pump is faulty, or the pressure developed by it has fallen.
  12. Ventilation of a fuel tank is broken.
Idling turns are excessively high
  1. Smoothness of a course of a drive throttle заслонки is broken.
  2. Installation of turns of idling is broken.
  3. Leaks in an inlet air path take place.
  4. Serviceability of functioning of a control system is broken by the engine.
The battery "does not hold" a charge
  1. It is worn out приводной a generator belt, or adjustment of effort of its tension is broken.
  2. Polar plugs, or ослабло fastening on them of tips of wires are oxidised.
  3. Electrolit level in banks has fallen.
  4. The generator does not give out a demanded current of a charge.
  5. Electroconducting of a chain of system of a charge, or ослабло fastening of plugs of contact connections is torn off or is otherwise damaged.
  6. There is a discharge of the battery owing to short circuit in onboard electroconducting.
  7. Internal defect of the battery takes place.
The control lamp of ignition/charge continues to burn at the working engine
  1. Internal defect of the generator or pressure regulator takes place.
  2. It is worn out or torn off приводной a generator belt, or adjustment of effort of its tension is broken.
  3. Generator brushes are worn out, jammed or polluted.
  4. Ослабли or are broken щеточные generator springs.
  5. Electroconducting of a contour of a charge, or ослабло fastening клеммных connections is torn off.
The control lamp of ignition/charge does not light up at key turn in position ON
  1. Has fused a thread накаливания.
  2. The printed-circuit board of a combination of devices, or ламподержатель is faulty.
  3. The generator is faulty.
Admissions of ignition take place during movement
  1. Passableness of the fuel filter is broken, or fuel is polluted.
  2. Spark plugs are worn out or damaged, or installation of interelectrode backlashes is broken.
  3. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken.
  4. Треснута a distributor cover, quality of contact connections ВВ of wires is broken, or internal defect of the distributor of ignition takes place.
  5. Candle wires are damaged.
  6. Serviceability of functioning of components of system of decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases is broken.
  7. Has fallen, or it is non-uniformly distributed between cylinders компрессионное pressure.
  8. The ignition coil is faulty.
  9. Serviceability of functioning of system of ignition is broken.
  10. Depression losses in the inlet pipeline, or through connecting vacuum hoses take place.
  11. Passableness of injectors of injection is broken.
  12. Leaks in valve EGR take place.
  13. Installation of turns of idling is broken.
Stability of turns of the engine is broken during an acceleration
  1. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken.
  2. Serviceability of functioning of system of ignition is broken.
  3. Passableness of injectors of injection is broken.
  4. Pressure of fuel as a result of infringement of serviceability of functioning of a gasoline pump or passableness of fuel lines has fallen.
  5. Serviceability of functioning of injectors of injection, or control system of the engine is broken.
  6. Spark plugs are worn out or damaged, or installation of interelectrode backlashes is broken.
  7. Ослабло socket fastening (ов) injector electroconductings (ов) injection.
  8. Passableness of the fuel filter is broken.
  9. Air leaks in an inlet path take place.
  10. Serviceability of functioning of system EGR is broken.
The engine works as jerks at a pedal of an accelerator kept motionlessly
  1. Air leaks in an inlet path take place.
  2. The gasoline pump, or regulator of pressure of fuel is faulty.
  3. Ослабло socket fastening (ов) injector electroconductings (ов) injection.
  4. Infringements of functioning of a control system by the engine take place.
The engine spontaneously глохнет
  1. Installation of turns of idling is broken.
  2. Passableness of the fuel filter is broken, or the moisture has got to the power supply system.
  3. Components of system of ignition (the distributor and ВВ wires) are humidified or damaged.
  4. Components of systems of decrease in toxicity of the fulfilled gases are faulty.
  5. Spark plugs are worn out or damaged, or installation of interelectrode backlashes is broken.
  6. Are faulty ВВ wires of spark plugs.
  7. Depression losses on the throttle case, the inlet pipeline or through connecting hoses take place.
  8. Adjustment клапанных backlashes is broken.
  9. The fuel pump is faulty, or the pressure developed by it has fallen.
  10. Ventilation of a fuel tank is broken, or gasoline pipe lines are blocked.
  11. Serviceability of functioning of system of injection or engine management is broken.
Capacity developed by the engine has fallen
  1. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken.
  2. Takes place excessive люфт a shaft of the distributor of ignition (at a corresponding complete set of the car).
  3. It is worn out бегунок the distributor, its cover, ВВ candle wires or the ignition coil.
  4. Spark plugs are worn out or damaged, or installation of interelectrode backlashes is broken.
  5. The system of injection of fuel is faulty.
  6. The filtering element of an air cleaner is blocked.
  7. Brakes are jammed.
  8. Level ATF in АТ has fallen.
  9. Coupling revolves.
  10. Passableness of the fuel filter is broken, or the moisture has got to the power supply system.
  11. Serviceability of functioning of system EGR is broken.
  12. The car is filled by non-standard fuel.
  13. Has fallen, or it is non-uniformly distributed between cylinders компрессионное pressure.
  14. The system of release of the fulfilled gases is blocked.
  15. The fuel pump is faulty, or the pressure developed by it has fallen.
  16. Leaks in an inlet air path take place.
  17. Serviceability of functioning of system of injection or engine management is broken.
There are "shots" in a final path
  1. Serviceability of functioning of system EGR is broken.
  2. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken.
  3. Serviceability of functioning of the thermostat of an air cleaner is broken.
  4. Depression losses take place.
  5. Adjustment клапанных backlashes is broken.
  6. Are damaged клапанные springs, or has occurred “залипание” valves.
  7. Leaks in an inlet air path take place.
  8. Malfunction in secondary (ВВ) a contour of system of ignition (candle insulators, ВВ wires, a distributor cover/begunok, etc.) takes place.
  9. The system of injection of fuel is faulty.
The engine works as jerks at a pedal of an accelerator kept motionlessly
  1. Air leaks in an inlet path take place.
  2. The gasoline pump is faulty.
  3. Ослабло socket fastening (ов) injector electroconductings (ов) injection.
  4. Infringements of functioning of a control system by the engine take place.
During an acceleration or at loading increase on the engine there are the knocks caused by too early ignition or a detonation
  1. Fuel not that grade is filled.
  2. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken.
  3. Takes place excessive нагарообразование in combustion chambers.
  4. Non-standard spark plugs are established.
  5. The system of injection of fuel is faulty.
  6. Are damaged ВВ wires.
  7. Distributor components are worn out or damaged.
  8. Serviceability of functioning of valve EGR is broken.
  9. Depression losses take place.
  10. The detonation gauge is faulty.
The engine continues to work after deenergizing ignitions (diesel engine-effect)
  1. Leaks in injection injectors take place.
  2. Excessively high turns of idling are exposed.
  3. The working temperature of the engine is excessively high.
  4. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken.
  5. Takes place excessive нагарообразование on the bottoms of pistons.
  6. Occurs “залипание” valves.
  7. Are incorrectly exposed клапанные backlashes.
  8. Serviceability of functioning of system EGR is broken.
  9. Serviceability of functioning of system of switching-off of giving of fuel is broken.
Pressure drop of impellent oil takes place
  1. Oil level has fallen, or oil not that grade is filled.
  2. Bearings of the engine and-or the oil pump are worn out.
  3. The engine overheat takes place.
  4. The oil filter is blocked.
  5. Passableness of the mesh filter маслозаборника is broken.
  6. Excessively low turns of idling are exposed.
  7. There was a short circuit in an electroconducting plait.
  8. The measuring instrument of pressure of oil is faulty.
The expense of impellent oil is excessive
  1. Ослабла a drain stopper of the pallet картера.
  2. Ослабли bolts of fastening of the pallet, or its sealing lining is damaged.
  3. Ослабли bolts of fastening of a forward cover, or its sealing lining is damaged.
  4. The forward or back epiploon of a cranked shaft is damaged.
  5. Ослабли bolts of fastening of a cover of a head of cylinders, or its sealing lining is damaged.
  6. Ослабла landing of the oil filter.
  7. Ослабло effort of a tightening of the gauge-switch of pressure of oil.
  8. Excessive deterioration of pistons or cylinders takes place.
  9. Piston rings are worn out or damaged.
  10. Are worn out or damaged маслоотражательные caps of inlet and-or final valves.
  11. Cores of valves are worn out.
  12. Directing plugs of valves are worn out or damaged.
The fuel expense is excessive
  1. The filtering element of an air cleaner is polluted or its passableness is otherwise broken.
  2. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken.
  3. Installation of turns of idling is broken.
  4. Leaks in a fuel path take place.
  5. Passableness of injectors of injection is broken.
  6. Serviceability of functioning of system of injection of fuel or engine management is broken.
  7. Serviceability of functioning of systems of decrease in toxicity is broken.
  8. Pressure of a rating of tyres does not suffice, or wheels not that standard size are established.
  9. Brakes "are taken".
Fuel leaks (in salon and near to the car clearly smells as gasoline) take place
  1. The fuel tank, gasoline pipe lines or them штуцерные connections are damaged mechanically or as a result of corrosion development.
  2. The fuel tank is overflowed.
  3. The filter of a coal adsorber of system EVAP is blocked.
  4. Leaks in system EVAP path take place.
  5. Internal components of injectors of injection are damaged or worn excessively out.
  6. Serviceability of functioning of system of injection of fuel is broken.
Any noise arising at work of the engine
  1. Loud deaf knock, more often arising at an acceleration, specifies in deterioration or damage of radical bearings, or non-uniform deterioration of a cranked shaft.
  2. Similar described above, but a little more high-frequency, the sound, also more often arising at an acceleration, speaks about possible deterioration шатунных bearings.
  3. The blocked metal knock amplifying at increase of turns of the engine, and weakening in process of warming up of the last testifies excessive deterioration of pistons and walls of cylinders.
  4. The frequent clicking which is becoming frequent at an acceleration speaks about deterioration of piston fingers or nests under their landing in pistons (the sound arises at each passage by corresponding piston VMT).
  5. The metal clicking published by the water pump, specifies deterioration of bearings and necessity of replacement of the last.
  6. The reason of frequent knock or the clicking which is becoming frequent with increase of turns, adjustment infringement клапанных backlashes can be, - hear клапанный to the mechanism by means of a stethoscope/piece of a vacuum hose. If adjustment of valves does not lead to situation correction, it is necessary to check up a condition of hydraulic pushers and other components клапанного the mechanism.
  7. The reason of occurrence of uniform metal knock or the roar published by drive ГРМ deterioration газораспределительной chains or infringement of adjustment of its tension can be; check up also a condition of asterisks.

In certain cases knock elimination is helped by refuelling of the engine by oil with higher component of viscosity.


Diagnostics of malfunctions of system of cooling

The engine overheat takes place
  1. Level of a cooling liquid has fallen.
  2. It is damaged приводной a belt or adjustment of its tension is broken.
  3. Passableness of a radiator is broken or its lattice is blocked.
  4. The water pump is faulty.
  5. The thermostat is faulty.
  6. Infringement in a chain of the fan of system of cooling takes place.
  7. Mechanical damage крыльчатки the fan of system of cooling takes place.
  8. Tightness of landing of a cover of a radiator is broken.
  9. Installation of a corner of an advancing of ignition is broken.
  10. The path of system of cooling is blocked by an air stopper.
  11. Impellent oil not that grade is filled.
  12. Indications of a measuring instrument of temperature are inexact.
Overcooling takes place
  1. The thermostat is faulty.
  2. Indications of a measuring instrument of temperature are inexact.
  3. Infringement in a chain of the fan of system of cooling takes place.
External leaks of a cooling liquid take place
  1. Hoses охладительного a path, or ослабли collars of their fastening are damaged mechanically or destroyed as a result of ageing of a material.
  2. Epiploons of the water pump (the cooling liquid will exude through a control aperture) are worn out or damaged.
  3. Leaks of a cooling liquid from a radiator or a broad tank take place.
  4. Are damaged drain or выжимные stoppers of a water shirt of the block of the engine.
  5. Tightness of landing of the gauge-switch of temperature of a cooling liquid is broken.
  6. Sealing linings of the block are damaged or cracks in moulding take place.
  7. The radiator cover is faulty.
  8. There was a boiling up of a cooling liquid as a result of an overheat.
Internal leaks of a cooling liquid take place

Presence of internal leaks proves to be true presence of a cooling liquid at the impellent oil, causing эмульгирование the last.

  1. The lining of a head of cylinders is punched.
  2. Треснута a head or the block of cylinders.
  3. Ослабли bolts of fastening of a head of cylinders.
Losses of a cooling liquid take place
  1. In system the excessive quantity of a cooling liquid is filled in.
  2. The cooling liquid boils away as a result of an overheat.
  3. External or internal leaks of a cooling liquid (see above) take place.
  4. The radiator cover is faulty.
  5. Pressure in cooling system raises at the expense of a compression in cylinders as a result of occurrence of cracks in a head or the block, or infringements of integrity of a sealing lining.
Circulation of a cooling liquid is broken
  1. The water pump is faulty, - check up by проprobeывания top радиаторного a hose.
  2. Passableness охладительного a path is broken.
  3. Ослабло a tension of a belt of a drive of the water pump.
  4. The thermostat is jammed.
  5. Level of a cooling liquid has fallen.
Corrosion development takes place
  1. The cooling liquid is excessively polluted, - add in system only the distilled rain water.
  2. Antifreeze is excessively diluted.
  3. Replacement of a cooling liquid and path washing is insufficiently often made.
Diagnostics of malfunctions of systems of heating of an air conditioning

Heater

Functioning of the fan of a heater is completely broken
  1. Has fused a corresponding safety lock. Check up, make replacement.
  2. There was an electroconducting breakage. Check up. Will rectify the revealed faults in a chain.
  3. Breakage in a chain of the switch of management / resistive assemblage of the fan takes place. Check up, will rectify the revealed faults.
  4. The electromotor of a drive of the fan is faulty. Check up, in case of need make replacement.
Giving in salon of the warmed-up air is broken
  1. Liquid level in system of cooling of the engine is insufficient. Check up, make corresponding updating, remove from a path of system of cooling air stoppers.
  2. The engine does not get warm to normal working temperature. Check up serviceability of functioning of the thermostat. Check up, in case of need replace the thermostat.
  3. The inlet valve of the heat exchanger (radiator) of a heater is faulty. Check up serviceability of functioning trosovogo / a vacuum drive of the valve. Some times translate the switch of a choice of a temperature mode in extreme positions, checking serviceability of operation of the valve. Warm up the engine to normal working temperature and, having chosen the maximum temperature mode of a heater, probe hoses on an input and an exit клапанной assemblages. If hoses have different temperature, replace the valve.
At heater inclusion occurs запотевание a windscreen
  1. Easing of a fixing collar has occurred development of leak of a cooling liquid from a hose laid near to a partition of an impellent compartment or under the panel of devices of the car. Check up, will rectify the revealed faults.
  2. Leaks of a cooling liquid from the heater heat exchanger take place. Attentively examine rugs in foot wells of the driver and the forward passenger on presence on them of streams.

The cooling liquid has a characteristic sweetish smell. In case of need make corresponding repair, or replace the failed heat exchanger.

On some models for providing of access to the heat exchanger (radiator) of a heater it is required to remove the panel of devices.


Air conditioner

Air does not arrive through deflectors central airs
  1. Has fused a corresponding safety lock. Check up, in case of need make replacement.
  2. The central air requires gymnastics. Attention: Опорожнение, the gymnastics and check of a refrigerator path should be made in the conditions of a specialised workshop!
  3. The pressure gauge-switch низконапорного a central air path is faulty. Replace the gauge-switch.
  4. Resistive assemblage of the fan of the conditioner of air is faulty. Check up, in case of need replace assemblage.
  5. Damage of electroconducting of a chain of a central air takes place, or the corresponding relay has failed. Check up, will rectify the revealed faults, in case of need replace the relay.
Through deflectors central airs the warmed-up air arrives
  1. The central air requires gymnastics.
  2. Serviceability of functioning муфты compressor K/V couplings is broken. Check up a condition муфты and electroconductings of its chain. Will rectify the revealed faults, replace defective components.

Опорожнение, the gymnastics and check of a refrigerator path should be made in the conditions of a specialised workshop!


At use К/В on a floor in salon are formed begin to flow a moisture
  1. Passableness of a drainage tube of the evaporator of a central air is broken. Clean a tube in a place of its exit from car salon.
  2. Passableness of a drain hose of the evaporator is broken. Clean a hose in a place of its exit from car salon.
Inclusion К/В is accompanied by occurrence in salon of a smell of a mould

Passableness of a drain hose of the evaporator of a central air is broken. Clean a hose in a place of its exit from car salon.

Diagnostics of malfunctions of coupling

Serviceability of deenergizing of coupling (at the pedal squeezed out to a floor reverse gear inclusion/deenergizing is complicated) is broken
  1. Adjustment of a free wheeling of a pedal is broken.
  2. On a conducted disk of coupling oil has got.
  3. The spring "has given" диафрагменная.
  4. Leaks of a hydraulic liquid from the main or executive cylinder of coupling take place.
  5. Air (softness of a course of a pedal takes place) has got to a hydraulic path of a drive of coupling.
  6. The sealing cuff of the piston of the main or executive cylinder is damaged.
  7. The lack of greasing of the directing bearing takes place.
Coupling revolves (engine turns raise without increase in speed of movement of the car)
  1. The conducted disk of coupling is worn out.
  2. Frictional overlays of a conducted disk are polluted by the oil filtering through a back epiploon of a cranked shaft.
  3. The new conducted disk (for definitive extra earnings of a new disk are necessary for making not less than 30 40 starts) was not earned extra.
  4. Deformation of assemblage of a basket of coupling/flywheel takes place.
  5. Ослабла диафрагменная a spring.
  6. Has occurred “залипание” the piston in the main cylinder of coupling as a result of hit of extraneous particles.
  7. Перегрет a conducted disk of coupling (park the car and allow to a disk to cool down).
  8. The mechanism of deenergizing of coupling is jammed.
  9. Hydraulic lines of a drive of coupling are damaged.
At coupling inclusion there is a vibration
  1. Are polluted by oil, are deformed, have burnt through, or заполированы to shine frictional overlays of a conducted disk / a working surface of a flywheel.
  2. Ослабли rivets of fastening of frictional overlays.
  3. Support of a suspension bracket of the power unit, or ослабло their fastening are worn out.
  4. Are worn out шлицы a primary shaft of a transmission or a nave of a conducted disk.
  5. Deformation of assemblage of a basket of coupling/flywheel takes place.
  6. Fatigue deformation диафрагменной springs takes place.
At squeezing or release coupling pedals arise extraneous noise
  1. Adjustments of a pedal of coupling are broken.
  2. The vyzhimnoj bearing is jammed on a transmission shaft.
  3. The directing bearing is worn out or damaged.
  4. Will burst a conducted disk of coupling.
  5. Fatigue deformation торсионных springs of a conducted disk of coupling takes place.
  6. Components of assemblage of a basket of coupling are worn out.
  7. The spring of a press disk is broken диафрагменная.
  8. Axial plugs of a pedal of coupling are worn out or overdried.
  9. Assemblage of a basket of coupling is faulty.
  10. Turns of idling of the engine are excessively low.
The pedal of coupling after отпускания does not come back in a starting position
  1. The main or executive cylinder of coupling/gets jammed the piston is faulty.
  2. Components of a drive of deenergizing of coupling are damaged or jammed.
  3. Air has got to a hydraulic path.
For squeezing of a pedal of coupling the excessive effort is required
  1. The piston in the main or executive cylinder is jammed.
  2. Assemblage of a basket of coupling is faulty.
  3. The main or executive cylinder of a wrong standard size is established.
Diagnostics of malfunctions of a manual box of a gear change

The box established on neutral transfer publishes noise at the working engine
  1. Bearings of a primary shaft (noise appear at release pedals of coupling and disappear at its squeezing) are worn out.
  2. The bearing of a leading shaft of a box is worn out.
  3. Level трансмиссионного oils has fallen.
  4. It is worn out выжимной the coupling bearing (noise appear at the squeezed out pedal of coupling and can decrease at it release).
  5. Noise source variations of a twisting moment of the engine can be, - updating of turns of idling can lead to situation correction.
Noise take place on all transfers
  1. Any of listed above the reasons, and-or:
  2. The secondary shaft of a transmission, or its bearings is worn out or damaged.
Noise arise on any concrete transfer
  1. Teeth of gear wheels of a transmission is worn out, chopped off or are otherwise damaged.
  2. Synchronizers are worn out or damaged.
Noise arise at a gear change
  1. Serviceability of functioning of coupling is broken.
  2. Assemblages of synchronizers are faulty.
The box "comes off" the chosen transfer
  1. The cuff of the lever of a gear change has hardened.
  2. Components of a drive of a gear change are jammed.
  3. The holder of the bearing of a primary gear wheel, or ослабло its fastening is broken
  4. Between a clutch lever and картером the engine the dirt has got.
  5. The gear change mechanism is worn out.
  6. Control balls, flutes of a spherical support of rods of plugs of switching, or control springs are worn out or damaged.
  7. Bearings of a conducted or intermediate shaft are worn out.
  8. Support of a suspension bracket of the power unit are worn out.
  9. It is excessive axial люфт gear wheels.
  10. Synchronizers are worn out.
Leaks трансмиссионного oils take place
  1. In a box the excessive quantity трансмиссионного oils is filled in.
  2. The epiploon () differential or a sealing cuff of a speedometer is damaged.
The gear change is complicated
  1. Coupling is faulty.
  2. Components of the mechanism of a drive of a gear change are worn out or damaged.
  3. Level трансмиссионного oils has fallen.
  4. Transmissionnoe oil requires replacement.
  5. The shock rod is worn out or damaged.
  6. Gear wheels РКПП are jammed.
  7. Blocks of synchronizers are worn out.
There is a box blocking on any of transfers

Deterioration, or landing easing приводной draughts takes place.

Diagnostics of malfunctions АТ

In view of complexity of design АТ to the average mechanic-fan will be inconveniently enough exact to carry out diagnostics of its refusals and regenerative repair. In case of occurrence of the problems which distinct from are listed more low, to the owner the car it is necessary to address for the help to experts of car-care centre. It is not necessary to hasten also with демонтажем faulty transmission as its many checks are made in situ (on a regular place).


Leaks ATF
  1. ATF usually differs dark red colour, - it is not necessary to confuse traces of its leaks to those from impellent oil (the last can communicate on картер transmissions by a running stream of air).
  2. For revealing of a source of leak, first of all, it is necessary to clear картер transmissions and surfaces surrounding it of a dirt and greasing. Take advantage qualitative обезжиривателем or execute steam cleaning of the unit. Make on the car a short trip with low speed of movement (that traces of taking place leak did not communicate far from its source). Поддомкратьте the car also establish it on props. Examine картер transmissions, visually revealing sources of leak ATF. Most often as those act:
    1. The pallet картера transmissions: tighten fixture and-or replace a sealing lining;
    2. Back lengthening of transmission: tighten fixture and-or replace an epiploon;
    3. Jellied mouth: replace a rubber cuff in a place of an input of a mouth in картер transmissions;
    4. Ventilating tube: transmission is overflowed and-or in картер water has got;
    5. Knot of connection of a speedometer: replace a sealing ring in an input place drive a cable in картер transmissions.
ATF has brown colour or smells as ashes

Level ATF in transmission has fallen, or the liquid has burnt and requires replacement.

Problems with a gear change take place

Shared problems which can appear connected with infringement of adjustment of a drive are more low listed most:

  1. The engine is started in the position which is distinct from “Р” or “N”;
  2. Position of transmission highlighted on the display panel differs from actually chosen;
  3. The car is set in motion at the transmission established in position “Р”.
There is no automatic switching of transmission on a hill-climbing gear at full squeezing of a pedal of gas

Adjustment of a cable of a drive throttle заслонки is broken at mode inclusion kick-down.

The engine is started in the position of transmission which is distinct from “Р or“N”

The gauge-switch of the permission of start is faulty, or its adjustment is broken.

Transmission "comes off" the chosen position, is switched hardly or with noise, or does not provide car progress forward or back

There is a set of the possible reasons of the listed refusals, however one of them gets to sphere of the competence of the average mechanic-fan - infringement of level ATF only. Check up, in case of need make updating of level/replacement of a liquid and the filter, in parallel check up condition ATF. In all other cases the car should be driven away for diagnostics and regenerative repair/replacement of transmission on a car repair shop.

Diagnostics of malfunctions карданного a shaft

Leaks in a forward part карданного a shaft take place

The back epiploon of transmission is damaged or worn out. Check up also a condition of a surface of a sliding plug.

At transfer inclusion (at the moment of loading occurrence) there is a knock
  1. Ослабло fastening of components of a back suspension bracket.
  2. Ослабли bolts/nuts карданного a shaft.
  3. Bearings карданного the hinge (ов) are worn out or damaged.
Has places the metal gnash conformable to speed of movement of the car

Bearings карданного the hinge (ов) are worn out.

Vibrations take place

First of all check up balancing of wheels and pressure of a rating of tyres.

  1. Establish in salon of the car a tachometre and during movement try to define engine turns at which vibration reaches the maximum intensity, then switch transfer and finish turns of the engine to the same value.
  2. If vibration arises and reaches the maximum intensity at the same turns of the engine, irrespective of the chosen transfer, its source is not карданный a shaft as frequency of its rotation depends on a choice of the transfer relation.
  3. If transfer switching leads to disappearance of vibration or appreciable decrease in its intensity (at the same turns of the engine), it is necessary to pass to condition checks карданного a shaft:
    1. Check up карданный a shaft on presence of signs of a bend and other deformations, in case of need make replacement;
    2. Carefully clear a shaft, - the stuck dirt can be at the bottom of balancing infringement;
    3. Estimate degree of deterioration of bearings карданных hinges, in case of need make replacement of assemblages;
    4. Check up balancing карданного a shaft or its connecting flange). Make sure of presence on the places balancing грузиков, remove a shaft and establish it, having turned on 180 , - if vibrations do not disappear, give a shaft to balancing;
    5. Check up reliability of a tightening of fixing bolts/nuts;
    6. At a corresponding complete set of the car estimate degree of deterioration of the central bearing;
    7. Check up a condition of back plugs of transmission.
The scraping sound takes place

Make sure that the dustproof cover of a sliding plug does not rub about картер back lengthening of transmission.

Takes place howl or whistle

At a corresponding complete set of the car a source of similar sounds the central bearing can be.

Diagnostics of malfunctions of the back bridge and the main transfer

The extraneous noise identical at movement on transfer and накатом takes place
  1. Natural road noise.
  2. Are worn out, or tyres are pumped incorrectly up.
  3. Wheel bearings, or ослаб their tightness are worn out or damaged.
  4. Oil level in differential has fallen.
  5. The differential is faulty.
The knock arising at трогании from a place or at a gear change takes place

The differential is faulty, or its adjustment is broken.

Extraneous sounds arise during fulfilment of turns

The differential is faulty.

Vibrations take place

The subsection devoted to diagnostics of malfunctions карданного of a shaft see. If the shaft is perfectly in order, поддомкратьте a back of the car and establish it on props and manually estimate a condition of wheel bearings, in case of need make replacement.

Oil leaks take place
  1. The epiploon of a leading gear wheel of the main transfer is damaged.
  2. Epiploons of semiaxes are damaged.
  3. Ослаб fixture, or the sealing lining of a cover of differential is damaged.
  4. Ослабла a drain and-or jellied stopper of differential.
  5. Passableness ventilating сапуна differential is broken.
Diagnostics of malfunctions of a distributing box (at a corresponding complete set of the car)

Gear wheels jump out from gearing
  1. The size of a free wheeling of a control lever is broken.
  2. The control lever clings to the console.
  3. Ослаб the fixture of support of a suspension bracket of a distributing box, or takes place fatigue deformation of a material.
  4. Internal components of a distributing box are worn out, or adjustments are broken.
Switching of modes is complicated
  1. Oil level has fallen.
  2. Internal components of a distributing box are worn out, or adjustments are broken.
Extraneous noise take place
  1. Oil level in a distributing box has fallen.
  2. Presence of noise at a choice of modes 4Н and 4L and their absence in a mode 2Н speaks about malfunction presence in components of forward differential or a forward axis.
  3. Presence of noise at a choice of any of modes speaks about malfunction presence in components of back differential or the back bridge.
  4. Presence of noise at a choice of modes 4Н and 2Н and their absence in a mode 4L speaks about presence of malfunction of internal components of a distributing box.
Diagnostics of malfunctions of brake system

Before to come to conclusion about refusal of brake system, check up a condition and pressure of a rating of tyres, uniformity of loading of the car and corners of installation of forward wheels.


At braking course stability of the car is broken
  1. Tyres are pumped incorrectly up.
  2. Adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels is broken.
  3. On one axis of the car (forward or back) wheels of a different standard size are established.
  4. Brake kolodki/boots from one of car boards are worn out, damaged or made oily.
  5. Are worn excessively out brake Pads or a disk from one of car boards.
  6. Ослаб fixture of components of a forward suspension bracket.
  7. It is faulty one or several brake mechanisms.
  8. Passableness of brake lines is broken.
  9. Ослабли bolts of fastening of a support or a board of the brake mechanism.
  10. The support piston / the wheel cylinder of one of brake mechanisms is jammed, or its moving is complicated.
  11. From different boards of the car brake kolodki/boots with frictional overlays of various type are established.
  12. Components of a steering drive or suspension bracket are worn out or damaged.
  13. Adjustment of a pretightness of wheel bearings is broken.
During braking there are extraneous noise (a gnash or high-frequency squeal)
  1. Frictional overlays brake колодок forward wheels are worn out, - the sound is published by deterioration gauges колодок.
  2. Are polluted or заполированы to shine brake Pads.
  3. The brake disk/drum - usually after long parking of the car is damaged by corrosion.
  4. Between a disk and a board of the brake mechanism the extraneous subject (for example, a stone) has got.
  5. The brake board is deformed.
The course of a brake pedal is excessively great
  1. Local infringement in brake system takes place.
  2. Level of a hydraulic liquid in tank GTTS has fallen.
  3. Air has got to hydraulic system.
  4. Serviceability of functioning of automatic regulators of brake mechanisms is broken.
  5. The valve-terminator is faulty.
  6. It is faulty ГТЦ.
  7. The vacuum amplifier of brakes is faulty.
Softness of a course of a brake pedal takes place at its squeezing
  1. Air has got to hydraulic system.
  2. Flexible brake hoses are damaged as a result of material ageing.
  3. Ослаб fixture ГТЦ.
  4. It is faulty ГТЦ.
  5. Installation of working backlashes of brake kolodok/boots is broken.
  6. Passableness of a ventilating aperture of a cover of tank GTTS is broken.
  7. Rubber brake lines are deformed.
  8. Sealing cuffs of supports are softened.
  9. The brake liquid requires replacement.
For a car stop applying of excessively big effort to a brake pedal is required

The reasons listed in the previous subsection, plus the following see:
  1. The vacuum amplifier of brakes is faulty.
  2. Frictional overlays of brake kolodok/boots are worn excessively out.
  3. The piston () a support / the wheel cylinder is jammed.
  4. Frictional overlays of brake kolodok/boots are polluted by oil or greasing.
  5. Brake disks are damaged or worn out.
  6. It is faulty ГТЦ or a support () / the wheel cylinder ().
  7. Are recently established and were not in time to be earned extra new brake kolodki/boots.
  8. Local infringement in brake system takes place.
The pedal of a foot brake fails to a floor without resistance
  1. Liquid level in tank GTTS has fallen, or leaks through pistons of supports / wheel cylinders take place.
  2. Brake lines, or ослабли them штуцерные connections are damaged.
During braking there are pulsations of a pedal of a foot brake
  1. Wheel bearings are worn out or damaged, or adjustment of their pretightness is broken.
  2. Components of a support of the brake mechanism are incorrectly established, or between them extraneous subjects have got.
  3. Excessive lateral palpation of a brake disk/ovality of a drum takes place.
  4. Are worn non-uniformly out brake Pads.
Pulsations of a pedal of a foot brake take place at its squeezing during sharp braking

Consequence of serviceable functioning ABS.

During braking there is a vibration transferred to a brake pedal or a steering wheel
  1. Excessive palpation of a brake disk/deformation of a brake drum takes place.
  2. Frictional overlays of brake kolodok/boots are worn out.
  3. Ослабли bolts of fastening of a support / a brake board.
  4. Components of a suspension bracket either steering drive, or support are worn out.
Brakes "are taken" (efficiency of return of the engine is lowered, wheels are excessively warmed up during movement)
  1. Adjustment of a target rod of a pedal of a foot brake is broken.
  2. Passableness of inlet union GTTS is broken.
  3. Piston GTTS is jammed in the cylinder.
  4. Brake kolodki/boots are worn excessively out.
  5. Cups of pistons in the main brake cylinder, or supports of brake mechanisms are deformed.
  6. Adjustment of a lay brake is broken.
  7. Adjustment of a pretightness of wheel bearings is broken.
  8. Adjustment of adjusting height of a pedal of a foot brake is broken.
  9. The wheel cylinder () is jammed.
  10. Adjustment of backlashes of landing of boots in drums of brake mechanisms is broken.
  11. It is faulty ГТЦ.
  12. Passableness of brake lines is broken.
Back wheels are blocked at normal braking
  1. Tyres are excessively strongly beefy.
  2. Protectors are worn excessively out.
Back wheels are blocked at emergency braking
  1. Tyres are excessively strongly beefy.
  2. Protectors are worn excessively out.
  3. Are polluted by oil Pads brake mechanisms of forward wheels.
  4. It is faulty ГТЦ, or assemblage () brake mechanisms.
The lay brake does not keep the car properly

Adjustment of a drive of a lay brake is broken.

Diagnostics of malfunctions of a suspension bracket and steering

Before to start checks of components of a suspension bracket and a steering drive make sure that a cause of infringement is not the wrong rating of tyres, installation of tyres of a various standard size, infringement of balancing of wheels, or “прихватывание” brakes.


Course stability of the car is broken
  1. On one axis wheels of a various standard size are established, or their tyres are pumped up with various pressure.
  2. Defect of tyres takes place.
  3. Components of a suspension bracket or steering drive are worn out.
  4. Adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels is broken.
  5. Brake mechanisms of forward wheels "are taken".
  6. Adjustment of a pretightness of wheel bearings is broken.
  7. Screw springs (are broken or "have given" at a corresponding complete set of the car).
  8. Ослабли wheel nuts.
  9. The geometry of a suspension bracket or steering drive is broken as a result of failure.
Takes place люфт wheels and the raised vibration of the car
  1. Balancing of forward wheels (vibration is most considerably transferred through a steering wheel) is broken.
  2. Balancing of back wheels (vibration is most considerably transferred through a car body) is broken.
  3. Adjustment of a pretightness of wheel bearings is broken.
  4. Components of racks of a suspension bracket are worn out.
  5. Ослабли wheel nuts.
  6. Tyres are pumped unequally up.
  7. Wheel disks are damaged or deformed.
  8. Tyres are damaged.
  9. Components of a steering drive or suspension bracket, or their spherical hinges and-or резинометаллические plugs are worn out.
  10. The spherical support () is worn out.
During fulfilment of turns and at braking there is "galloping" and-or car rocking
  1. Ослабло fastening of the stabilizer of cross-section stability.
  2. Shock-absorbers are faulty.
  3. Screw springs/springs of a suspension bracket are broken or "have given".
  4. Components of a steering drive or suspension bracket, or their spherical hinges and-or резинометаллические plugs are worn out.
  5. The car is overloaded.
Roving or the general course instability of the car takes place
  1. On one axis wheels of a various standard size are established, or their tyres are pumped up with various pressure.
  2. Balancing of wheels is broken.
  3. Tyres are pumped non-uniformly up.
  4. Ослабли wheel nuts.
  5. The lack of greasing of SHRUS and tips of steering draughts takes place.
  6. Shock-absorbers are worn out.
  7. Ослабло fastening of the stabilizer of cross-section stability.
  8. Screw springs/springs are broken or "have given".
  9. Adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels is broken.
  10. Components of a steering drive or suspension bracket, or their spherical hinges and-or резинометаллические plugs are worn out.
Excessively hardly the steering wheel turns
  1. Level of a liquid of system of hydrostrengthening of a wheel has fallen.
  2. Tyres are pumped incorrectly up.
  3. The lack of greasing of spherical support and tips of steering draughts takes place.
  4. Adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels is broken.
  5. Adjustment of the steering mechanism is broken, or greasing level has fallen.
  6. Adjustment of a pretightness of wheel bearings is broken.
  7. Components of the steering mechanism are worn out or damaged.
  8. To rotation of a steering shaft stirs the switch of indexes of turns.
  9. Tyres are too poorly beefy.
  10. Spherical support are worn out or damaged.
  11. Components of a steering drive are worn out or damaged.
  12. The previous subsection see also.
It is excessive люфт a steering wheel
  1. Ослабли wheel bearings.
  2. Plugs of components of a suspension bracket are worn out.
  3. Adjustment of the steering mechanism is broken.
  4. Adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels is broken.
  5. Ослаб fixture of assemblage of the steering mechanism.
  6. Components of a steering drive or suspension bracket are worn out.
There is no hydraulic strengthening
  1. The belt of a drive of the steering pump is damaged, or adjustment of its tension is broken.
  2. Level of a hydraulic liquid has fallen.
  3. Passableness of hoses of system of strengthening of a wheel is broken.
  4. Air has got to a hydraulic path of system of strengthening of a wheel.
  5. The steering pump is faulty.
  6. The steering mechanism is faulty.
Serviceability of return of a steering wheel in rectilinear position is broken
  1. Adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels is broken.
  2. Tyres are too poorly beefy.
  3. Components of the steering mechanism are worn out.
  4. Adjustment of a steering column is broken.
  5. Spherical support are worn out or damaged.
  6. Components of a steering drive are worn out or damaged.
  7. There was a loss of greasing of components of a steering drive.
  8. Greasing level in картере the steering mechanism has fallen.
  9. The steering column is jammed.
The steering wheel rotates every which way with various resistance
  1. Pressure of air in tyres should be equally established.
  2. The car should not be loaded. On a place of the driver the person in weight of 75 kg should аходиться.
The steering pump works with the raised noise
  1. The lack of oil of the pump takes place.
  2. Passableness of hoses, or the oil filter of the steering pump is broken.
  3. Ослаб fixture drive a pulley.
  4. Adjustment of effort of a tension of a belt of a drive of the steering pump is broken.
  5. The steering pump is faulty.
The extraneous noise which are starting with a forward part of the car take place
  1. Tyres are pumped incorrectly up.
  2. There was a loss of greasing of spherical support or components of a steering drive.
  3. Ослаб fixture of the steering mechanism, components of a steering drive and a suspension bracket.
  4. Support of shock-absorbers are worn out.
  5. Shock-absorbers are damaged.
  6. Springs are damaged.
  7. Ослабли nuts of fastening of wheels.
  8. Are worn out or damaged шлицы back semiaxes.
  9. It is excessive axial люфт the back bridge.
During braking controllability of the car decreases
  1. Are worn out ступичные bearings of forward wheels.
  2. Screw springs/springs of a suspension bracket are broken or "have given".
  3. Deformation of brake disks/drums takes place.
The car has excessively given
  1. Overload.
  2. Shock-absorbers of rack-mount assemblages are worn out.
  3. Screw springs/springs of a suspension bracket are broken or "have given".
The gnash or other extraneous noise published by the steering mechanism takes place
  1. Ослаб assemblage fixture реечной transfers.
  2. Internal damage of the steering mechanism takes place.
Excessive deterioration of tyres takes place

The raised deterioration of an internal or external part of a protector
  1. Tyres (deterioration of both edges) are pumped insufficiently up.
  2. Adjustment of corners of installation of forward wheels is broken.
  3. Components of a steering drive or suspension bracket, or their spherical hinges and-or резинометаллические plugs are worn out.
  4. Speed on turns does not decrease.
  5. Mechanical infringement of geometry of a suspension bracket as a result of failure takes place.
Scaly deterioration (обтрепывание) a protector

Convergence installation is broken.

Deterioration of the central part of a protector

Tyres are pumped up too strongly.

Deterioration of internal and external edges of a protector
  1. Tyres are insufficiently strongly beefy.
  2. Shock-absorbers are worn out.
Non-uniform deterioration of a protector
  1. Tyre/wheel balancing is broken.
  2. Excessively lateral palpation of a disk or the tyre.
  3. Shock-absorbers are worn out.
  4. The tyre is damaged.
Problem diagnostics of an onboard electric equipment

Head headlights

Serviceability of functioning of one or both headlights in a mode near or a headlight is broken
  1. Quality of contact connection on a socket is broken. Check up quality of grounding of a block headlight and serviceability of giving on it of a food from the battery. If a food moves regularly, and grounding is perfectly in order, replace the failed lamp. At infringement of giving of a food/grounding check up a condition of electroconducting of a corresponding chain (Schemes of electric connections - the general information see).
  2. The management switch is faulty. Make replacement.
Brightness of a luminescence of one or both headlights is strongly lowered
  1. Pressure of air in tyres should be equally established.
  2. The car should not be loaded. On a place of the driver the person in weight of 75 kg should аходиться.
  3. The fuel tank should be filled, at least, on 90 %.
Running and dimensional fires

Running and dimensional fires do not function
  1. Quality of contact connection on a socket is broken. Check up quality of grounding of the corresponding lighting device and serviceability of giving on it of a food from the battery. If a food moves regularly, and grounding is perfectly in order, check up a cartridge condition, in case of need replace the failed lamp. At infringement of giving of a food/grounding check up a condition of electroconducting of a corresponding chain (Schemes of electric connections - the general information see).
  2. The management switch is faulty. Make replacement.
Alternating refusals of running and dimensional fires take place
  1. The incandescent filament of a corresponding lamp is damaged. Check up, replace the failed lamp.
  2. The socle of a corresponding lamp or its cartridge is strongly oxidised. Carefully smooth out contact surfaces, in case of need replace the failed component.
  3. Electroconducting or its contact plugs is damaged. Check up, make corresponding corrections.
  4. The management switch is faulty. Make replacement.
Brightness of a luminescence of one of lighting devices is strongly lowered
  1. Quality of contact connection on a socket is broken. Check up quality of grounding of the corresponding lighting device and serviceability of giving on it of a food from the battery. If pressure of a food on a socket is strongly underestimated, check up a condition of elements and connecting electroconducting of a corresponding chain (Schemes of electric connections - the general information see).
  2. The socle of a corresponding lamp or its cartridge is strongly oxidised. Carefully smooth out contact surfaces, in case of need replace the failed component.
  3. The management switch is faulty. Make replacement.
Internal lighting devices

Internal illumination of salon does not function
  1. The management switch is established in wrong position. Find the switch and translate it in corresponding position.
  2. Quality of contact connection on a fixture socket is broken. Check up quality of grounding and serviceability of giving of a food from the battery. If a food is absent, check up a condition of a corresponding safety lock, in case of need make replacement. Check up a condition of elements and connecting electroconducting of a corresponding chain (Schemes of electric connections - the general information see). In the absence of grounding check up a condition of contacts of door gauges-switches, remove corrosion traces, in case of need replace defective components.
Alternating refusal of internal illumination of salon takes place
  1. The management switch is established in wrong position. Find the switch and translate it in corresponding position.
  2. Quality of contact connection on a fixture socket is broken. Check up quality of grounding and serviceability of giving of a food from the battery. If a food is absent, check up a condition of a corresponding safety lock, in case of need make replacement. Check up a condition of elements and connecting electroconducting of a corresponding chain (Schemes of electric connections - the general information see). In the absence of grounding check up a condition of contacts of door gauges-switches, remove corrosion traces, in case of need replace defective components.
Brightness of illumination of salon is strongly lowered
  1. Quality of contact connection on a socket is broken. Check up quality of grounding of the fixture and serviceability of giving on it of a food from the battery. If pressure of a food on a socket is strongly underestimated, check up a condition of elements and connecting electroconducting of a corresponding chain (Schemes of electric connections - the general information see).
  2. The socle of a corresponding lamp or its cartridge is strongly oxidised. Carefully smooth out contact surfaces, in case of need replace the failed component.
  3. One of management switches/gauges-switches is faulty. Make replacement.
Stoplights

Refusal of one of stoplights takes place

Serviceability of giving of pressure to a lamp of a corresponding stoplight is broken. Check up, if a food moves regularly, estimate quality of grounding, in case of need replace a lamp. At revealing of signs of breakage of a contour of a food or weights check up a condition of elements and connecting electroconducting of a corresponding chain (Schemes of electric connections - the general information see).

Refusal of both stoplights takes place

Adjustment of the gauge-switch of stoplights is broken. Check up, make corresponding updating. If food giving to stoplights remains broken despite serviceability of functioning of the gauge-switch, check up a condition of elements and connecting electroconducting of a corresponding chain (Schemes of electric connections see - the general information) make necessary corrections.

Brightness of a luminescence of one or both stoplights is strongly lowered

Quality of contact connection on one of contact sockets of a corresponding chain is broken. Check up quality of grounding of lantern assemblages and serviceability of giving on them of a food from the battery. If pressure of a food on a socket is strongly underestimated, check up a condition of elements and connecting electroconducting of a corresponding chain (Schemes of electric connections - the general information see). Sometimes there is a necessity for removal of a defective socket and зачистке its landing surface.

Control lamps

The control lamp () continues to burn after engine start

Control lamp of a charge
  1. The generator or pressure regulator is faulty. Check up, replace the failed components.
  2. Short circuit in a chain of electroconducting of a corresponding lamp takes place. Check up, make necessary corrections.
Control lamp MIL (“Check up the engine”)
  1. Time of carrying out of the next maintenance service of the engine has approached, or adjusting parametres of the last are broken. Spend THAT, check up parametres of options, estimate a condition of spark plugs and the air filter, check up level and a condition of impellent oil. Make necessary adjustments and replacements.
  2. Alternating repauperization of an air-fuel mix as a result of the approach by the end of a stock of fuel in a tank takes place. Fill the car with fuel, make lamp reinstallation.
  3. Quality of contact connections in a chain of system of injection/engine management is broken. Check up a condition of electroconducting and contact sockets of the module of management and information gauges.
  4. Depression losses in the inlet pipeline take place. Check up a condition of a sealing lining and vacuum hoses. Replace defective components.
  5. The raised expense of engine oil as a result of strong deterioration of internal components of the engine takes place. Make regenerative repair of the power unit.
Control lamp ABS
  1. Contact connections of wheel gauges are oxidised, or between teeths of alarm rotors have got stuck extraneous particles. Check up, make necessary corrections.
  2. Leaks in ГТЦ take place. Examine the cylinder, replace the failed cuffs and linings.
  3. Serviceability of functioning of the module of management ABS, the hydraulic pump or valves-regulators is broken. Check up a condition of components, make necessary corrections/replace defective details.
  4. Malfunction in an electric chain of wheel gauges/modules of management ABS takes place. Attentively examine electroconducting, eliminate the revealed defects.
Control lamp of brake system
  1. Level of a hydraulic liquid in tank GTTS has fallen. Check up a hydraulic path of brake system on presence of signs of leaks, will rectify the revealed faults, add in the tank necessary quantity of a liquid of a demanded grade.
  2. Frictional overlays of brake kolodok/boots are worn excessively out. Check up, make replacement of the failed components.
  3. Defect in a chain of the alarm gauge of a control lamp takes place. Check up, make necessary corrections, replace the failed components.

Replacement of brake kolodok/boots is always made in the complete set for both wheels of a corresponding axis!


Control lamp of pressure of oil

Car operation at the lowered pressure of oil is fraught with the serious internal damages of the engine connected with expensive repair.

One of signs of inadmissible decrease in oil pressure is detonation increase at engine work.

  1. At operation of the given control lamp it is necessary to muffle immediately the engine and to check up level of engine oil and a condition of the oil filter. In case of need add corresponding quantity of oil from the canister which should be stored in the car and be updated at each replacement of oil.
  2. Electroconducting of the gauge-switch of a control lamp of pressure of oil is damaged. At the included ignition (the engine do not start) disconnect electroconducting from the gauge-switch, - the control lamp should not burn, otherwise check up electroconducting on presence of signs of short circuit on weight. Make sure of integrity of isolation on all length of wires, replace chain defective units.
  3. Passableness of the mesh filter маслозаборника is broken. Remove the pallet картера and clean the filter.
  4. Serviceability of functioning of the gauge-switch of a control lamp of pressure of oil is broken. For check establish obviously serviceable gauge.
  5. Passableness полнопоточного the oil filter is broken, or oil leaks take place. Replace the filter.
Control lamp of raising of a lay brake
  1. The lever of a lay brake is not released. Do not forget to release a lay brake before a start of motion.
  2. Adjusting position of the gauge-switch of a control lamp is broken, or short circuit in a chain of its electroconducting takes place. Check up, will rectify the revealed faults.
  3. The gauge-switch of a control lamp is faulty. Check up, make replacement.
The control lamp () starts to blink during movement

Control lamp of a charge
  1. The generator or pressure regulator is faulty. Check up, replace the failed components.
  2. Short circuit in a chain of electroconducting of a corresponding lamp takes place. Check up, make necessary corrections.
Control lamp “Check up the engine”
  1. Time of carrying out of the next maintenance service of the engine has approached, or adjusting parametres of the last are broken. Spend THAT, check up parametres of options, estimate a condition of spark plugs and the air filter, check up level and a condition of impellent oil. Make necessary adjustments and replacements.
  2. Alternating repauperization of an air-fuel mix as a result of the approach by the end of a stock of fuel in a tank takes place. Fill the car with fuel, make lamp reinstallation.
  3. Quality of contact connections in a chain of system of injection/engine management is broken. Check up a condition of electroconducting and contact sockets of the module of management and information gauges.
  4. Depression losses in the inlet pipeline take place. Check up a condition of a sealing lining and vacuum hoses. Replace defective components.
  5. Electroconducting of a chain of a control lamp is damaged. Check up electroconducting on presence of short circuits, will rectify the revealed faults.
Control lamp ABS
  1. Contact connections of wheel gauges are oxidised, or between teeths of alarm rotors have got stuck extraneous particles. Check up, make necessary corrections.
  2. Leaks in ГТЦ take place. Examine the cylinder, replace the failed cuffs and linings.
  3. Serviceability of functioning of the module of management ABS, the hydraulic pump or valves-regulators is broken. Check up a condition of components, make necessary corrections/replace defective details.
  4. Malfunction in an electric chain of wheel gauges/modules of management ABS takes place. Attentively examine electroconducting, eliminate the revealed defects.
Control lamp of brake system
  1. Level of a hydraulic liquid in tank GTTS has fallen. Check up a hydraulic path of brake system on presence of signs of leaks, will rectify the revealed faults, add in the tank necessary quantity of a liquid of a demanded grade.
  2. Frictional overlays of brake kolodok/boots are worn excessively out. Check up, make replacement of the failed components.
  3. Defect in a chain of the alarm gauge of a control lamp takes place. Check up, make necessary corrections, replace the failed components.

Replacement of brake kolodok/boots is always made in the complete set for both wheels of a corresponding axis!


Control lamp of pressure of oil

Car operation at the lowered pressure of oil is fraught with the serious internal damages of the engine connected with expensive repair!

One of signs of inadmissible decrease in oil pressure is detonation increase at engine work.

  1. At operation of the given control lamp it is necessary to muffle immediately the engine and to check up level of engine oil and a condition of the oil filter. In case of need add corresponding quantity of oil from the canister which should be stored in the car and be updated at each replacement of oil.
  2. Electroconducting of the gauge-switch of a control lamp of pressure of oil is damaged. At the included ignition (the engine do not start) disconnect electroconducting from the gauge-switch, - the control lamp should not burn, otherwise check up electroconducting on presence of signs of short circuit on weight. Make sure of integrity of isolation on all length of wires, replace chain defective units.
  3. Passableness of the mesh filter маслозаборника is broken. Remove the pallet картера and clean the filter.
  4. Serviceability of functioning of the gauge-switch of a control lamp of pressure of oil is broken. For check establish obviously serviceable gauge.
Control lamp of raising of a lay brake
  1. The lever of a lay brake is not released. Do not forget to release a lay brake before a start of motion.
  2. Adjusting position of the gauge-switch of a control lamp is broken, or short circuit in a chain of its electroconducting takes place. Check up, will rectify the revealed faults.
  3. The gauge-switch of a control lamp is faulty. Check up, make replacement.
The control lamp () does not light up at inclusion of ignition without engine start
  1. The lamp is faulty, - check up by substitution obviously serviceable.
  2. Breakage in a chain takes place. Check up a condition of corresponding electroconducting.
  3. The corresponding gauge-switch is faulty, or defect in a chain of its electroconducting takes place. Check up, will rectify the revealed faults, replace defective components.
Indexes of turns the alarm system

Signal lights join, but work in a continuous mode

The breaker is faulty. Replace the failed block.

Bilateral refusal of signal lights takes place
  1. The lamp is faulty, - check up by substitution obviously serviceable.
  2. Breakage in a chain takes place. Check up a condition of corresponding electroconducting.
  3. The corresponding gauge-switch is faulty, or defect in a chain of its electroconducting takes place. Check up, will rectify the revealed faults, replace defective components.
Unilateral refusal of signal lights takes place
  1. The lamp is faulty, - check up by substitution obviously serviceable.
  2. Breakage in a chain takes place. Check up a condition of corresponding electroconducting.
  3. The corresponding gauge-switch is faulty, or defect in a chain of its electroconducting takes place. Check up, will rectify the revealed faults, replace defective components.
One of signal lights does not join only
  1. The lamp has fused. Check up, make replacement.
  2. Contact surfaces of a socle/cartridge are oxidised. Check up, smooth out plugs.
  3. Quality of grounding of a cartridge of a corresponding lamp is broken. Check up, eliminate breakage.
Frequency of gleams of signal lights is strongly lowered

Too powerful lamps are established. Replace lamps.

Frequency of gleams of signal lights is strongly raised
  1. Insufficiently powerful lamps are established. Replace lamps.
  2. The breaker not that type is established. Replace the breaker.
Serviceability of functioning of a control lamp of the alarm system is broken
  1. Corresponding external signal lights are faulty. Check up, in case of need replace a control lamp.
  2. The alarm system switch is faulty. Check up, in case of need make replacement.
Serviceability of functioning of one of control lamps of indexes of turns is broken
  1. The lamp has fused. Check up, make replacement.
  2. The breaker is faulty, - check up by substitution of obviously serviceable block, in case of need make replacement.
Horn

The sound signal is absent
  1. Has fused a corresponding safety lock. Check up, in case of need make replacement.
  2. Serviceability of giving of a food on a small horn is broken, or breakage in a grounding contour takes place. Check up. If a food moves regularly, replace a small horn. In case of refusal revealing check up a condition of corresponding electroconducting.
The tonality of sounding of a small horn has changed
  1. On models with one small horn make replacement of the last.
  2. On models with 2-rozhkovym a horn check up serviceability of functioning of the second small horn. Serially disconnecting from small horns electroconducting, check up serviceability of functioning of each of them separately. Replace the failed component.
  3. Check up correctness of installation of a small horn (ов), - small horns should be established by a bell downwards. Make sure that in a small horn extraneous subjects have not got.
Screen wipers

Screen wipers do not function
  1. Has fused a safety lock. Check up, make replacement.
  2. The management switch is faulty. Check up, will rectify the revealed faults, in case of need replace the switch.
  3. Quality of contact connections in a chain of the electric drive of screen wipers is broken. Check up, smooth out plugs, replace the failed elements.
  4. Quality of grounding of the switch of management or drive the electromotor is broken. Check up, eliminate the revealed breakages.
There is an overheat drive the electromotor, inclusion of screen wipers leads выбиванию a safety lock
  1. Internal damage of the electromotor takes place. Make replacement.
  2. Are jammed, or draughts of a drive of levers of screen wipers are deformed. Check up, make necessary corrections, replace the failed components.
It is broken funktsioniro-vanie one or both levers of screen wipers at serviceable work drive the electromotor
  1. Ослаб fixture corresponding приводной draughts. Check up, tighten fixture.
  2. Ослабло lever fastening on a drive axis. Tighten a nut, in case of need make replacement of the corresponding lever / axial knot of a drive.
At brush switching-off do not come back in parking position
  1. As a result of malfunction of the switch of management the order of switching-off of a food from drive the electromotor is broken. Check up, will rectify the revealed faults.
  2. Infringement in a chain of a parking contour drive the motor takes place. Replace the electromotor. Before installation of levers start system for the purpose of finding-out of correct parking position of screen wipers. Having finished installation, include screen wipers in the maximum high-speed mode and make sure that brushes in extreme positions do not hit about facing of a window aperture.
Problem diagnostics of a combination of devices

Speedometer with тросовым a drive

Speedometer functioning is completely broken
  1. The privodnoj cable is connected in the wrong image to assemblage of a measuring instrument or a leading gear wheel. Check up, make necessary corrections.
  2. The privodnoj cable is torn off, or there was a rounding off of tips by means of which its fastening in measuring instrument assemblage / a leading gear wheel is carried out. Check up, in case of need replace a cable.
  3. The leading gear wheel of a speedometer is worn out. Check up, in case of need make replacement.
  4. The measuring instrument is faulty, - check up by substitution of obviously serviceable assemblage. In case of need make replacement.
Fluctuations of an arrow of a measuring instrument at movement with constant speed take place
  1. Correctness of a lining of a cable is broken, excesses or twisting take place. Check up, make necessary corrections, in case of revealing of signs of damage of a cover replace a cable.
  2. Trosovaja assemblage requires greasing. Remove a cable, examine it on presence of damages (in case of need make replacement), grease and establish into place.
Takes place alternating infringements of functioning of a speedometer
  1. Completeness of connection of a cable and reliability of its fixing in clips is broken. Check up, make necessary corrections.
  2. Are worn out cable tips (are rounded). Check up, in case of need replace тросовую assemblage.
Speedometer with an electric drive

Speedometer functioning is completely broken
  1. The inductive descent of the gauge of speed (VSS) is faulty. Replace the gauge.
  2. Electroconducting on a chain site between VSS and a speedometer is damaged. Examine electroconducting, estimate quality of contact connections, will rectify the revealed faults, replace defective components.
  3. The measuring instrument is damaged, - check up by substitution of obviously serviceable assemblage. In case of need make replacement.
Takes place alternating infringements of functioning of a speedometer
  1. Quality of contact connections on a chain site between VSS and a speedometer is broken. Check up, make necessary corrections, replace defective components.
  2. The inductive descent of the gauge of speed (VSS) is faulty. Replace the gauge.
Measuring instruments of the expense of fuel, temperatures of the engine and pressure of oil

Measuring instrument functioning is completely broken
  1. Has fused a corresponding safety lock. Check up, make replacement.
  2. Breakage in a chain of electroconducting of a corresponding measuring instrument takes place. Check up, will rectify the revealed faults.
  3. The corresponding gauge is faulty. Check up, make replacement.
  4. Adequacy of installation of a measuring instrument or its gauge is broken. Check up, make corresponding corrections.
Stability of indications of a measuring instrument is broken
  1. Quality of contact connections of a corresponding electric chain is broken. Check up, will rectify the revealed faults.
  2. The measuring instrument is faulty. Make replacement.
The measuring instrument continuously fixes the maximum indication
  1. Short circuit on weight in a chain of electroconducting of a corresponding measuring instrument takes place.
  2. The measuring instrument is faulty. Make replacement.
  3. Serviceability of grounding of a measuring instrument is broken. Check up, eliminate breakage.
  4. Adequacy of installation of a measuring instrument or its gauge is broken. Check up, make corresponding corrections.